The meaning of the colour of vegetables and fruits

June 22, 2023

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The colour of each vegetable indicates the different bioactive components (antioxidants, phytochemicals) they contain, which give fruits and vegetables different properties. Therefore, they should be combined in the daily diet.

  • Antioxidants found in fruits and vegetables are chemical compounds that reduce the action of free radicals, which are molecules associated with cancer and ageing.
  • Phytochemicals are naturally present in fruits and vegetables, but also in pulses and legumes.
  • Antioxidants and photochemicals have cancer and heart disease preventive effects.

 

 

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Characteristics according to colour

The following table shows you the different vegetables according to their colour, and the effects they have on health.

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PURPLE

Plums, blueberries, purple grapes, radishes, aubergine and red onion...

Health effects:

  • Delays the ageing process.
  • Prevents the formation of cancer cells.
  • They prevent heart disease.

Bioactive component:

  • Antioxidants and phytochemicals (anthocyanins and phenolic compounds)

RED

Tomatoes, apples, red peppers, red garlic, plums, strawberries, pomegranates...

Health effects:

  • They help the memory.
  • They prevent cancer of the digestive tract and prostate cancer.
  • Prevent urinary tract infections

Bioactive component:

  • Antioxidants (lycopenes, anthocyanins) and phytochemicals.

WHITE

Garlic, onions, pears, white grapes, Italian squash, courgettes, radishes...

Health effects:

  • They lower cholesterol and blood pressure.
  • Protects against heart disease.
  • Reduces the risk of stomach and colon cancer.

Bioactive component:

  • Allicin, potassium

ORANGE

Carrot, orange, mandarin, papaya, pumpkin...

Health effects:

  • They maintain good vision. Maintain healthy skin.
  • They strengthen the immune system.
  • They help the healing process.
  • They help protect our heart

Bioactive component:

  • Beta-carotenes or pro-vitamin A, vitamin C, potassium, bioflavonoids, antioxidants)

GREEN

Kiwis, broccoli, lettuce, spinach, asparagus...

Health effects:

  • They help in the proper formation of the foetus.
  • They support good vision.
  • They contribute to the healing process.
  • They reduce the risk of cancer.
  • They protect the heart.

Bioactive component:

  • Folic acid, antioxidants (lutein, zeaxanthins glucosinolates), vitamin C, potassium
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